{"id":871,"date":"2019-01-04T17:34:02","date_gmt":"2019-01-04T09:34:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/?p=871"},"modified":"2019-03-04T17:42:17","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T09:42:17","slug":"%e5%bb%b6%e5%b1%95%e6%99%ba%e6%85%a7-%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e4%b8%8e%e7%94%9f%e6%80%81%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/%e5%bb%b6%e5%b1%95%e6%99%ba%e6%85%a7-%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e4%b8%8e%e7%94%9f%e6%80%81%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5ef6\u5c55\u667a\u6167: \u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u610f\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u793e\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u91cd\u62fe\u4e86\u5bf9\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(cosmopolitanism) \u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u6839\u690d\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u4e49\u611f\u77e5\u6027\u7684\u827a\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\u5411\u6211\u4eec 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5:\u5ef6\u5c55\u667a\u6167\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bb8\u715c\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b56\u5c55\u601d\u8def\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4ece2017\u5e74\u5e74\u4e2d\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u300a\u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u201d\u7406 \u8bba\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b56\u5c55\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1140\" height=\"760\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-873\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/cosmo_pub_01.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/cosmo_pub_01.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/cosmo_pub_01-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/cosmo_pub_01-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/cosmo_pub_01-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">\u258d\u672c\u6587\u6536\u5f55\u4e8e\u300a\u6210\u90fd<span style=\"color: #333333;\"> \u00b7 <\/span>\u84ec\u76ae\u675c\uff1a\u201c\u5168\u7403\u90fd\u5e02\u201d\u56fd\u9645\u827a\u672f\u53cc\u5e74\u5c55\u300b\u56fe\u518c\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2018\u5e7411\u6708<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u51ef\u745f\u7433 \u00b7 \u9b4f\u5c14\uff1a<\/strong><\/span>\u8bb8\u715c\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6e90\u8d77\u548c\u5b83\u5728 \u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5417 ?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u8bb8\u715c\uff1a <\/strong><\/span>\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u66fe\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u63a5\u53d7 \u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u5411\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 \u77e5\u9053\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u79cd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u591f\u73b0\u4ee3\uff0c\u81ea16\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d77\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u5c31\u843d\u540e\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u503e 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\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u6b65\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5176\u5b9e\u9884\u8bbe\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff1b \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136 \u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u6027\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u5728 2008 \u5e74\u524d\u540e\u8bfb\u5230\u4f2f\u7eb3 \u5fb7 \u00b7 \u65af\u8482\u683c\u52d2\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u897f\u8c37\u542f\u6cbb\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd 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\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\u201ctechne\u0304\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6280\u672f \u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8d85\u8d8a\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4fdd\u6301\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u9b4f\u5c14\uff1a<\/strong><\/span> \u4f60\u5728\u547c\u5401\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u600e\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u56fe\u666f\u5462 ?\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48 ?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u8bb8\u715c\uff1a<\/strong><\/span>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5148\u628a\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5f88 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name=\"_ednref2\">[2]<\/a>\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u624e\u6839\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u666e\u904d\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6c38\u6052\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5728\u201c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u6027\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u523b\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8d28\u7591 \u66fe\u7ecf\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u666e\u4e16\u6027\u53ea\u662f\u5b58\u5728 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#333333;\"><strong>\u8bb8\u715c\uff1a<\/strong><\/span> \u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u90fd\u5e02\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053 \u66f4\u52a0\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u6b63\u5728\u5230\u6765\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u548c \u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u5f88\u591a\u5546\u5e97\u8fd8\u53ea\u6536\u73b0 \u91d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u6536\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6ca1\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u91d1\u6216\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u4e86\uff0c\u5546\u5e97\u90fd\u63a5 \u53d7\u652f\u4ed8\u5b9d\u6216\u8005\u5fae\u4fe1\u652f\u4ed8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6280\u672f\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d(free)\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 DNA \u6d4b\u5e8f\u3002\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u6000\u65e7\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u90a3\u4e9b\u6beb\u65e0\u4eba \u60c5\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5efa\u7b51\u62c6\u9664\u8ba1\u5212\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u798f\u67ef\u5728\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u5b66\u9662 \u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e0a\u77ed\u6682\u5730\u8bb2\u8ff0\u201c\u73af\u5883\u6cbb\u7406\u672f\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49 \u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba(\u6b63\u5982\u5b54\u5fb7\u548c\u62c9\u9a6c\u514b\u6240\u5199)\u5bf9\u201c\u5468\u906d\u201d(milieu)\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7531\u65af\u5bbe\u585e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u73af\u5883\u201d(environment)\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 \u63a7\u5236\u5468\u906d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u751f\u7269\u4f53(\u8b6c\u5982\u9a6f\u5316\u52a8\u7269)\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u201c\u5ec9\u4ef7\u6570\u636e\u201d\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fe1\u7528\u4f53\u7cfb\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6709\u6548\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fdb\u5316\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u9009\u62e9(artificial selection)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u9b4f\u5c14\uff1a<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u8457\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8fb9\u9645\u6210\u672c\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9752\u7750\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u6216 \u5de5\u4e1a\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u5728\u540e\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7ecf\u5386\u7740\u7269\u7406\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f34 \u968f\u7740\u6fc0\u589e\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c\u591a\u4ea7\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u8c08\u53ca\u201c\u540e\u5de5\u4f5c \u793e\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u8c08\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u90a3\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u4ece\u4e8b\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c \u2014\u2014 \u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u7531\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4ee3\u4e3a\u5b8c\u6210 \u2014\u2014 \u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f4e\u85aa\u8d44\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece\u4e8b\u5176\u4ed6\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u5907\u521b\u9020\u529b\u3001\u66f4\u5bcc\u6709\u89c2\u5ff5 \u6027\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u793e\u533a\u4ee5\u53ca\u57ce\u90a6\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9 \u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u90fd\u5e02\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u519c\u6751\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u5206\u5e03\u5f62\u5f0f \u6b63\u5728\u5360\u636e\u7740\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e00\u5ea7\u7684\u6751\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e61\u6751\u5411\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u5bb6\u5bb6\u6237\u6237\u9664\u4e86\u8001\u4eba\u548c\u5c0f\u5b69\u51e0\u4e4e\u7a7a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5ec9\u4ef7\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u4f9d\u65e7\u751f\u4ea7\u7740 \u4f9d\u7167\u5728\u7ebf\u5ba2\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u5168\u9762\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5171\u5b58\u7740\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u519c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u88ab\u5f52\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e61\u6751\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6d4b\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u5373\u5927\u7247\u5927\u7247\u7684\u65e0\u4eba\u533a\u57df\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u98df\u7269\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u6bd4\u7279\u5e01\u77ff\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u519c\u573a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7740\u573a\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u8bb8\u715c\uff1a<\/strong><\/span>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u542c\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u63d0\u8bae\u56de\u5f52\u519c\u6751\u6216\u8005\u62d2\u7edd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u58f0 \u97f3\u30025\u6708\u6211\u5728\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8c08\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u53ea\u7528\u73b0\u91d1\u6765\u62b5\u6297\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u624d\u505a\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u56e0 \u4e3a\u66fe\u7ecf\u6211\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u6253\u8f66\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u5bd2\u6625\u4e2d\u7b49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u90fd\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u7528\u201c\u6ef4\u6ef4\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u5fae\u4fe1\u201d\u9884\u5b9a\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u90a3\u6837\u7b49\u4e2a \u4e00\u6b21\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u516c\u4ea4\u7cfb\u7edf\u592a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u88ab\u8feb\u59a5\u534f\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9003\u907f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u90fd\u5e02\u8f6c\u578b\u5df2\u7ecf \u541e\u566c\u4e86\u6751\u5e84\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 2017 \u5e74\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u804a\u5230\u6dd8\u5b9d\u6751\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u963f\u91cc\u5df4\u5df4\u7684 B 2 B \u5e73\u53f0\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6751 \u5b50\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u5ea7\u8ff7\u4f60\u5de5\u5382\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6751\u5b50\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u6751\u6c11\u4eec\u5982\u4eca\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u5229\u5bb3\u5173\u7cfb\u8005\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u8fc7\u963f\u91cc\u5df4\u5df4\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e91\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u5927\u529b\u8d5e\u626c\u6570\u5b57\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8868\u793a\u60c5\u51b5\u548c20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\uff0c\u6751\u6c11\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u79bb\u5f00\u6751\u5b50\u53bb\u57ce\u5e02\u91cc\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u4e0a\u73ed\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u540c\u65f6\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6751\u5b50\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u62c5\u5f53\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6751\u5b50\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4ee3\u66ff\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u67a2\u7ebd\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u6dd8\u5b9d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \u6210\u90fd\u8d2d\u4e70\u5e7f\u4e1c\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u65b0\u9c9c\u8354\u679d\u6216\u624b\u5de5\u5b9a\u5236\u725b\u4ed4\u88e4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u5929\u9001\u8fbe\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u8fd8\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u90fd\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u540e\u82b1\u56ed\u3002\u5f53\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u201c\u71c3\u70e7\u6b86\u5c3d\u201d\uff0c \u9700\u8981\u4ece\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u5143\u6c14\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5230\u519c\u6751\u6765\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u6392\u6bd2\u201d\u3002\u6280\u672f\u7684 \u52a0\u901f\u548c\u6000\u65e7\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u679a\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u4e24\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u5f92\u52b3\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u4e00\u79cd\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u539f\u56e0:\u8fd9\u79cd \u77e5\u8bc6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u5426\u5b9a \u2014\u2014 \u662f\u63d0\u5021\u51cf\u901f\uff0c\u662f\u8d4b\u4e88\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u65b9 \u5411\u3002\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6211\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u524d\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7740\u5f00\u8f9f\u53e6\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u667a\u6167\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u53e6\u7c7b\u89c6\u91ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u9b4f\u5c14\uff1a<\/strong><\/span>\u57ce\u4e61\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u7167\u56e0\u7d20\u8fd8\u5c06\u4f9d\u8d56\u6709\u6bd2\u6027\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5371\u673a\u3001\u6c34\u707e\u6216\u6c34\u8352\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u63a5\u4e8c\u8fde\u4e09\u7684\u706d\u7edd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u201c\u5168\u7403 \u90fd\u5e02 # 1 . 5\u201d\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u5728\u53c2\u5c55\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u8bae\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u4eba\u7c7b\u96c6 \u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u7528\u6280\u672f\u667a\u6167\u548c\u751f\u6001\u667a\u6167\u6765\u521b\u9020\u53e6\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u8bbe\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u751f\u6001\u611f\u53d7\u529b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5f15\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u671d\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u671d\u5411\u5173\u7cfb\u5316\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e2a\u4f53\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u90d1\u6ce2\u8fd1\u671f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7269\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u3001\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u5171\u60c5\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4e9a\u65af\u660e\u00b7\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u76c6\u5730\u4e3a\u201c\u5168\u7403\u90fd\u5e02 # 1 . 5\u201d\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u7af9\u5b50\u3001\u6849\u6811\u4ee5\u53ca\u8336\u53f6\u79cd\u690d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u690d\u7269\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u6001\u667a\u6167\u8fdb\u884c\u7269\u8d28\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c \u5e76\u5c06\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u73af\u5883\u79d1\u5b66\u878d\u5165\u9676\u827a\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u8bb8\u715c\uff1a<\/strong><\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8c08\u8bba\u201c\u751f\u6001\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u50cf\u624b\u63e1\u8d4c\u573a\u4ee3\u5e01\u7684\u8d4c\u5f92 ! \u6211\u5f53\u7136\u540c\u610f\u4f60\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5ef6\u5c55\u667a\u6167\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u6027 \u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u5929\u7684\u5173 \u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u4e16\u7684\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e9a\u65af\u660e \u00b7 \u65af\u5bc6\u65af\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6765\u81ea\u4e00\u79cd\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4f46\u540c \u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b64\u7acb\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u63a5\u7eb3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u6bd4\u8f83 \u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u70b9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5979\u5728 \u6797\u76d8\u519c\u6751\u5173\u4e8e\u7af9\u5b50\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5979\u5728\u6089\u5c3c\u9e66\u9e49\u5c9b\u5173\u4e8e\u76d0 \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u751f\u6001\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5341\u5206\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5f53\u5fb7 \u56fd\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u6069\u65af\u7279 \u00b7 \u6d77\u514b\u5c14\u5728\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u603b\u548c\u3002\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u534a\u53f6\u4e4b \u524d\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 1957 \u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u53d1\u5c04\u4e86\u65af\u666e\u7279\u5c3c \u514b 1 \u53f7\u3002\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14 \u00b7 \u9ea6\u514b\u5362\u6c49\u5728 1974 \u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9 \u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u6311\u8845\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6311\u8845\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8ba4\u771f\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u9ea6\u514b\u5362\u6c49\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u65af\u666e\u7279\u5c3c\u514b\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u53f2\u65e0\u524d\u4f8b\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u5b8c \u5168\u88ab\u4eba\u9020\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6240\u88c5\u8f7d\u3002\u5728\u5730\u7403\u6765\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5239\u90a3\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u661f\u664b\u5347\u81f3\u4e00\u4ef6\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u2018\u751f\u6001\u7684\u2019\u601d\u8003\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u3002\u201d<a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]<\/a>\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u8bde\u751f!\u201d\u9ea6\u514b\u5362\u6c49\u5230\u5e95\u60f3\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8fd8\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u62ef\u6551\u5730\u7403\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u8fd9 \u79cd\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5510\u5a1c \u00b7 \u54c8\u62c9\u7ef4\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56de\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u8db3\u591f \u7684\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8131\u79bb\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u761f\u75ab\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb \u2014\u2014 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49 \u2014\u2014 \u6240\u906e\u853d\u3002\u4f60\u4ece\u6211\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u4e8e\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u00b7\u5fb7\u65af\u79d1\u62c9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u6070\u6070\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6000\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e0c\u5180\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e0c\u5180\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u4ec5\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u6982 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\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5370\u5237\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u751f\u6001\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9012\u589e\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd \u63d0\u6cd5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u8bb8\u715c\uff1a<\/strong><\/span> \u8c22\u8c22\u4f60\u63d0\u5230\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u6ce2\u5179\u66fc\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ce2\u5179\u66fc\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u4ed6\u7406\u89e3\u6280\u672f \u60ac\u7f6e(\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6401\u7f6e)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60ac\u7f6e\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7eaa\u5143\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u91cd\u5ba1\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u65b0\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6280\u672f\u60ac\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00 \u79cd\u9012\u589e\u3002\u5370\u5237\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u5373\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u60ac\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u7535\u89c6\u7b49\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u6280 \u672f\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4e5f\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5219\u8f6e\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u4e86\u3002\u5173\u952e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u63e1 \u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u7684\u60ac\u7f6e ?\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\u62f1\u624b\u8ba9\u7ed9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6280\u672f\u5b98\u50da\u5236\uff0c\u653e\u4efb\u5b83\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u66fc\u52aa\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u67e5\u74e6\u6770\u4f5c\u54c1\u6307\u6d89\u7684\u5851 \u6599\u5bb9\u5668\u53d6\u4ee3\u9676\u7f50\u90a3\u6837\u5417 ?\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u74e6\u89e3\u4f20\u7edf\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u65f6\u5019 \u653e\u58f0\u5927\u7b11\uff0c\u88c5\u4f5c\u8fd9\u662f\u53cd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u5417?\u6216\u8005\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u5f53\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u60f3\u65b0\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u53ef \u884c\u5f62\u5f0f ?\u5f53\u6211\u8d28\u7591\u201c\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u65f6 \u2014\u2014 \u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8d28 \u7591 \u2014\u2014 \u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u8d2c\u4f4e\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u827a\u672f\u7684\u9886 \u57df\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u56fe\u666f\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4ece\u5916\u592a\u7a7a\u770b\u5730\u7403\u4e00\u6837;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u60ac\u7f6e\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u7531\u5e76\u4e14\u8d85\u8d8a\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u6765\u601d\u8003\u60ac\u7f6e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u6709 \u7406\u7531\u8c28\u614e\u5bf9\u5f85\u201c\u751f\u6001\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5 \u2014 \u5176\u5b9e\u751f\u6001\u662f\u6211\u4e0b\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u300a\u9012\u5f52\u4e0e\u5076\u7136\u6027\u300b<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]<\/a>\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u7ecf\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684 \u6574\u4f53\u8bba\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u592a\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8bba\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab 20 \u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66 \u5bb6\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u5bb6\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14 \u00b7 \u9ea6 \u514b\u5362\u6c49\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u6b63\u6e10\u6e10\u53d8\u6210\u63a7\u5236\u8bba \u2014\u2014 \u8a79\u59c6\u58eb \u00b7 \u6d1b\u592b\u6d1b\u514b\u548c\u6797\u6069 \u00b7 \u9a6c\u53e4\u5229\u65af\u7684\u201c\u76d6\u4e9a\u201d\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5f53\u6d1b\u592b\u6d1b\u514b\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u76d6\u4e9a\u5047\u8bf4\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u5730\u7403\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5316\u5b66\u5f02\u5e38\u800c\u5177\u6709 \u7a33\u5b9a\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d<a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]<\/a>\uff0c\u5f53\u4eca\u8bb8\u591a\u6cbf\u7528\u76d6\u4e9a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u5fd8\u4e86\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5916\u592a\u7a7a\u770b\u5730\u7403\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5730\u7403\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5df4\u514b\u654f \u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5bcc\u52d2\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u98de\u8239\u3002\u65af\u56fe\u5c14\u5fb7 \u00b7 \u5e03\u5170\u5fb7\u628a\u4ece\u5916\u592a\u7a7a\u770b\u5730\u7403\u7684\u7167\u7247\u7528\u4f5c\u300a\u5168\u7403\u6982\u89c8\u300b\u7684\u5c01\u9762\uff0c\u4e0e\u53d7\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u52a0\u5dde\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6697\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5076\u7136\u3002\u5728\u5218\u7a97\u7684\u5f71\u7247\u300a\u6bd4\u7279\u5e01\u77ff\u4e0e\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7530\u91ce\u5f55\u97f3\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u7279\u5e01\u77ff\u5de5\u968f\u5b63\u8282\u8fc1\u79fb\u77ff\u573a\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6001\u5b9e\u8df5\u5417 ?\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f \u5728\u6cbf\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u5f80\u4e0b\u60f3\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba;\u6211\u60f3 \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8eab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u60ac\u7f6e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u5efa\u6784\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4f30(reappropriate)\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u3002\u6211\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6848\u4f8b\u662f\u60f3\u8bc1\u660e\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u6211\u70ed\u5207\u5730\u60f3\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u8def\u5f84\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u7b54\u6848\u4e5f\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> \u8bb8\u715c. \u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898 \u2014\u2014 \u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u8bd5\u8bba. \u82f1\u56fd\u6cd5\u5c14\u8305\u65af:Urbanomic\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> \u8bb8\u715c. \u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5. e-flux\uff0c2017\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c86\u671f<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> \u8bb8\u715c. \u8d70\u5411\u6280\u672f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5206\u652f. \u5355\u624b\u62cd\u638c(\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u53e4\u6839\u6d77\u59c6\u5c55\u89c8\u540c\u540d\u51fa\u7248\u7269)\uff0c2018. 106- 113 .<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> \u51ef\u745f\u7433 \u00b7 \u9b4f\u5c14\u4e0e\u5d14\u6d01\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u6d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c2018\u5e744\u670823\u65e5.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> \u9ed1\u7279 \u00b7 \u53f2\u5fb7\u8036\u5c14. \u62b5\u6297\u7684\u7f8e\u5b66?\u827a\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u79d1\u548c\u51b2\u7a81. transversal\u5728\u7ebf\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c\u201c\u827a\u672f\/\u77e5 \u8bc6:\u91cd\u53e0\u4e0e\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u533a\u57df\u201d\u4e13\u9898\uff0c 2011 \u5e74 3 \u6708\uff0chttp:\/\/eipcp.net\/transversal\/ 0311 \/steyerl\/en.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]<\/a> \u90dd\u666f\u82b3. \u5317\u4eac\u6298\u53e0(\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u7531\u5218\u5b87\u6606\u7ffb\u8bd1). \u8be1\u5f02:\u79d1\u5e7b\u4e0e\u5947\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8bf4\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c2015\u5e741\u6708\/2\u6708 \u520a\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1 https:\/\/uncannymagazine.com\/article\/folding-beijing- 2<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]<\/a> \u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u2022\u9ea6\u514b\u5362\u6c49. \u65af\u666e\u7279\u5c3c\u514b\u8ba9\u5730\u7403\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5267\u573a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6f14\u5458. \u4f20\u64ad\u5b66\u671f \u520a\uff0c1974\uff0c24(1): 48-58.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]<\/a> \u8bb8\u715c. \u9012\u5f52\u4e0e\u5076\u7136\u6027. \u4f26\u6566: Rowman &amp; Littlefiled \u56fd\u9645\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u5c06\u4e8e2019\u5e743\u6708\u51fa\u7248.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]<\/a> \u6797\u6069\u2022\u9a6c\u53e4\u5229\u65af. \u5171\u751f\u661f\u7403:\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2. \u4f26\u6566: \u51e4\u51f0\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2001\uff0c147.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u51c6\u5907\u201c\u5168\u7403\u90fd\u5e02 # 1 . 5:\u5ef6\u5c55\u667a\u6167\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b56\u5c55\u4eba\u51ef\u745f\u7433 \u00b7 \u9b4f\u5c14\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bb8\u715c\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5bf9\u5979\u7684\u7b56\u5c55\u601d\u8def\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4ece2017\u5e74\u5e74\u4e2d\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u300a\u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u5b87\u5b99\u6280\u672f\u201d\u7406 \u8bba\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u9b4f\u5c14\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u5979\u7684\u7b56\u5c55\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-library","wpautop"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=871"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/871\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":878,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/871\/revisions\/878"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjhaf.org\/cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}